Minus, or Plus? Be aware that the opposite sign must be put in Astrolog's TimeZone box from those actual time-shifts listed above (and you don't ever need to put the 'plus' for a westing)
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* Southern Ireland/Eire is anomalous; whereas standard times across the EU are used in winter, in Eire/Southern Ireland, the Irish Standard Time (IST) is in operation through the summer, and is UT+1; Irish Winter Time (IWT) is UT; so the end-result is that Ireland matches the UK's time, follows EU starts and ends, and can claim to be in the UT+1 fold. But Astrolog cannot adapt to a perverse DST - in practice, advise use British Time.
Some Sources
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_time_zones_by_country;
astroccult.net/timezones.html; worldtimezones.net; UK's Nautical Almanack; en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_Russia; timeanddate.com; horlogeparlante.com
- DST by COUNTRY, ALPHABETICALLY -
Skip back to Nations' Offsets to U.T.
Note that I cannot guarantee the accuracy of these data.
The use of DST, 'moving clocks forward and back each summer', came out of a world war, in 1916, - Russia and a few other countries adopted in 1917, the United States adopted DST 1918, almost all till shortly after the war's end. But Belgium, Gibraltar, Ireland, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom carried on; France re-adopted 1925; and Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Romania were other consistent adopters, starting DST in the '30s. It came in widely in WW2, and again in the Eighties. DST has been, for some countries, full of alterations, exemptions and revocation, while most sub-tropical countries, having 'two summers', have no use for it. Many countries don't get a mention, as they have never used DST.
Albania First use of DST..
1940, 16 jun unbroken using UT+2, through to 2 nov '42 1943, 29 March, 2am, to 10 April, 3am
Since 1974, around first Saturday in May, to around start of October.
From 1984, starts and finishes as E.U. agreement though not a member, and still using UT+2 as basetime today. [en.wikip][timeanddate.com]
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Algeria
1850 — 1900 Algiers time. UT+0:12:12
; 1900 — 1910 Paris time UT+0:09:21
1911, Adopted UT. 1916 DST began, used thro' to 1921 inclusive. 1922, DST lapsed.
1939: DST, 11 Sep - 19 Nov;
1940: (25 Feb moved to UT+1), DST lapsed..
1944: 3 Apr - 8 Oct
1945: 2 Apr - 16 Sep
1946: revert to UT on 7 Oct.; no DST..
1956: re-adopt UT+1 on 29 Jan.; no DST..
1963: re-adopted UT on 14 Apr; no DST..
1971: DST, 25 Apr - 27 Sep
1977: DST, 6 May- 21 Oct (...on 27 Oct, re-adopt UT+1)
1978: DST, 24 Mar - 22 Sep
1979: (..on 26 Oct, re-adopt UT)
1980: 25 Apr - 31 Oct
DST abandoned to date.
[horlogeparlante.com][timeanddate.com] top
Andorra
DST was first used Mar 31, 1985, adopting the EU DST agreement. Still in use, 2am forward, 3am back.
[en.wikip] top
Argentina In 1920 and from 1930 to 1969, there was DST, switching to UT-3 from the base-time UT-4 each southern hemisphere summer.
DST was tried again, 23 Jan 1974 till 1 May 1974, but going each southern hemisphere summer to UT-2, reverting following May to UT-3.
DST was re-adopted 30 Nov 1988, each southern hemisphere summer, till ending 6 Mar 1993.
From 30 Dec 2007, DST ran to 15 mar 2008; & now, and from 2008, DST due to begin third Sunday of October, ending second Sunday in March of the following year, but exemptions allowed for the provinces of Catamarca, La Rioja, Mendoza, Salta, Tucumán, Santiago del Estero, San Juan, La Pampa, Jujuy, Neuquen, Rio Black, Chubut, Santa Cruz and Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica and South Atlantic Islands. San Luis uses UT-4 for winter, UT-3 for summer. One report that DST lapsed, 2009.
[en.wikip] top
Armenia observed DST of UT+4 in 1980, all year; thereafter, last Sun Mar, to last Sun Oct, 1981 to 1984, - but according to one source, 1 Apr - 1 Oct,
1985, as EU starts and finishes until 1991, at which point they adopted UT+3 without DST, by not switching in Spring.
DST again from 1992 to 1994; in 1995, after 25 Mar, UT+4 did not end till 29 Mar '97, when the DST of UT+5 was brought back, last Sun Mar, to last Sun Oct., as before. Three sources say they have no DST since 2011, and have re-adopted UT+3 Timezone. [en.wikip & others]
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Australia In compliance with an Empire-wide order, the first year DST was used in Australia was 1917, running 1 Jan to 25 Mar through the southern hemisphere summer. It was discontinued thereafter, but World War II saw its return for three consecutive summers, beginning with a late summer start on 1 Jan 1942, followed by two full summers running from Sept (of the one year..) to Mar (of the next). Meanwhile the Tasmanian government implemented Daylight Savings in summer of 1967, to save power and water. As it turned out, they liked having DST in Tasmania so much that they have continued it ever since; and pushed to get DST used Australia-wide.
1971 saw Australia's first peace-time DST enactment. Northern Territory, Queensland declined it. The Federal Government kept it the responsibility of individual state and territory governments to decide when and if DST could be implemented locally, e.g. NSW extended DST in 1981-2 because of power shortages...and during the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games special Daylight Savings Times were observed by some, but not all of NSW. But on 12 April 2007, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory agreed to common starting and finishing dates for DST, viz: first Sun, Oct through to first Sun, April the year following. Western Australia continued with their former last Sun Oct to last Sun, Mar policy to 2008, and rescinded DST law. So DST is not now observed in Queensland, the Northern Territory nor Western Australia.
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Austria took up DST in 1916, choosing Monday mornings for the switchover, like Germany - early Apr to early Sep.. One source says it abandoned DST for 1919, two days before planned May 3 beginning. In 1920 Austria tried it for a last time, proceeding as planned in Salzburg, but quashed elsewhere.
1916: (with Germany), 30 Apr 11pm, to 1 Oct 1am.
1917: ( " ) 16 Apr, 2am, to 17 Sep., 3am.
1918: ( " ) 15 Apr, 2am, to 16 Sep., 3am.
1919: no DST.
1920: Start 5th April: revoked (by Salzburg Parliament on 28th), on 1 May. Elsewhere (i.e Austrian railways), 5 Apr at 2am., to 13 Sep at 3am.
After that DST lapsed until, with Anschluss, they followed Berlin's DST hour-advances.
1940: 1 Apr, at 2:am adopted UT+2 as DST until...
1942, ...2 Nov, 3am reverted to UTC+1. (i.e. Monday to Monday)
1943: 29 Mar, to 4 Oct
1944: 27 Mar, to 2 Oct
1945: 2 Apr, 2am in Wien ; 12 Apr elsewhere 23 Apr. - 1 Oct am..
After DST being abbreviated during 1945, (the war's end), DST went on a few years..
1946: (with Germany) 14 Apr 2am - 7 Oct 3am
1947: (with Germany) 13 April 2am - 5 Oct 3am
1948: 18 Apr 2am - 3 Oct 3am Then DST lapsed.
1980 6 Apr midnight - 27 Sep midnight
1981 – 1995 last Sun, Mar 2:00am -last Sun, Sept 3:00am
1996 – 2016 last Sun, Mar 2:00am -last Sun, Oct 3:00am
[http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_der_Sommerzeiten]
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Azerbaijan observed DST in 1981 — 92 and since 1996.
End March to End October. Nagorno-Karabakh district abolished it 2012. [en.wikip]
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Bahamas has observed DST since 1964.
[en.wikip]
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Bangla Desh had DST in 1977 — '80 (one source)..., & observed DST in 2009 for a year alone, according to [en.wikip]
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Barbados had DST in 1977 — '80. [en.wikip]
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Belarus
first had DST 28 Jun '41 yearly to 3 Jul '44, during occupation, on German basetime UT+1 TZ.
Took it up again 1981, carried it through the abandoning of UT+3 for UT+2 in '98, ending it 27 Mar '11, by making that UT+3 summertime their year-round time, with no DST going forward.. [en.wikip]
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Belgium From summer 1918, DST came in but on irregular Saturday start-dates (Mar, Apr), but ending 23hrs, first Sat in Oct., and it remained between the two world wars (Belgium used UT then). During that time, a decree (Sept 15, 1928) declared that DST each year should start on the night of the 2nd or 3rd weekend of Apr., at 2am, ending on the night of the 1st weekend of Oct. at 3am...
Under occupation, with German-mandated UT+1 basetime in use, DST was UT+2, from 25 feb '40 to 1946, and ran right through two winters 1940: 1 Apr, at 2:am adopted UT+2 as DST until...
1942: ...2 Nov, 3am reverted to UTC+1. (i.e. Monday to Monday)
1943: 29 Mar, to 4 Oct
1944: 27 Mar, to 2 Oct
1945: 2 Apr, - no info
1946, last DST, 1am 19 May - 1am 7 Oct. After the war, Belgium remained on UT+1, but no DST until '77.
Since 1977, first Sun Apr - last Sun, Sept.(or, in '78, first Sun Oct).
Since spring 1981, Belgium's DST starts and finishes have conformed to E.U. DST.
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Belize had DST in 1931-'32. [en.wikip]
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Bermuda
has a long DST, from early March to early November.
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Bosnia
18 Apr, 1941 - DST at UT+2 through until
1942, 2 Nov, 3am reverted UTC+1. (i.e. Monday to Monday)
1943, 29 Mar, to 4 Oct
1944, 27 Mar, to 2 Oct
1945, 8 May , to 16 Sept
DST resumed on 27 Mar 1983 - like the E.C., last Sun Mar to last Sun Sept, ; and from 1996, ending it last Sun Oct, as EU generally.
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Brazil Currently DST is mid Oct to mid/end Feb. the following year, i.e. Southern Hemisphere DST, in those regions in the (mostly) south where DST operates (Regiões Sul, Sudeste, Centro-Oeste). Aside from a 1931-'33 3rd Oct to end Mar. pan-Brasilian experiment, and another 1985 — '88, end Oct. to Feb. or Mar., DST since 1988 has been used chiefly in southern parts of the country, excluding, in the far north, Tocantins, and from mid-93, Amapa; and in the north-east, Bahia, which from mid-'91, has been without DST, although during the 2011-12 summer, Bahia also observed daylight saving time as an experiment. Also, in the 2012-13 summer, the Northern state of Tocantins observed it, also as a test, for the first time since the state was created in 1988. Starting from the 2013-14 summer, neither state will observe DST any more.
After 1988 Southern-hemisphere DST has continued as before in the following southern provinces: the Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo, (and since 2003, Minas Gerais, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul and Distrito Federal.)
DST START ->>
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END
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DST START ->>
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END
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DST START ->>
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END
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1931 * 0:00, 3 oct
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1932 24:00 31 mar
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1986 0:00, 25 oct
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1987 0:00, 14 feb
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2001 0:00, 14 oct
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2002 0:00, 17 feb
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1932 * 0:00, 3 oct
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1933 24:00, 31 mar
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1987 0:00, 25 oct
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1988 0:00, 7 feb
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2002 0:00, 3 nov
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2003 0:00, 16 feb
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INTERVAL
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1988 0:00, 16 oct
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1989 0:00, 29 jan
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2003 0:00, 19 oct
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2004 0:00, 15 feb
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1949 * 0:00, 1 dec
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1950 0:00, 30 apr
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1989 0:00, 15 oct
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1990 0:00, 11 feb
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2004 0:00, 2 nov
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2005 0:00, 20 feb
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1950 * 0:00, 1 dec
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1951 0:00, 31 mar
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1990 0:00, 21 oct
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1991 0:00, 17 feb
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2005 0:00, 16 oct
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2006 0:00, 19 feb
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1951 * 0:00, 1 dec
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1952 0:00, 31 mar
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1991 0:00, 20 oct
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1992 0:00, 9 feb
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2006 0:00, 5 nov
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2007 0:00, 25 feb
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1952 * 0:00, 1 dec
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1953 0:00, 28 feb
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1992 0:00, 25 oct
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1993 0:00, 31 jan
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2007 0:00, 14 oct
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2008 0:00, 17 feb
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INTERVAL
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1993 0:00, 17 oct
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1994 0:00, 20 feb
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2008 0:00, 19 oct
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2009 0:00, 15 feb
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1963 * 0:00, 9 dec!
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1964 0:00, 1 mar!
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1994 0:00, 16 oct
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1995 0:00, 19 feb
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2009 0:00, 18 oct
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2010 0:00, 21 feb
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1965 * 0:00, 31 jan-
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1965 0:00, -31 mar
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1995 0:00, 15 oct
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1996 0:00, 11 feb
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2010 0:00, 17 oct
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2011 0:00, 20 feb
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1965 * 0:00, 30 nov
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1966 0:00, 31 mar
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1996 0:00, 6 oct
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1997 0:00, 16 feb
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2011 0:00, 16 oct
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2012 0:00, 26 feb
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1966 * 0:00, 1 nov
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1967 0:00, 1 mar
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1997 0:00, 6 oct
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1998 0:00, 15 feb
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2012 0:00, 21 oct
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2013 0:00, 17 feb
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1967 * 0:00, 1 nov
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1968 0:00, 1 mar
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1998 0:00, 11 oct
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1999 0:00, 21 feb
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2013 0:00, 20 oct
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2014 0:00, 16 feb
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INTERVAL
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1999 0:00, 3 oct
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2000 0:00, 27 feb
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2014 0:00, 19 oct
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2015 0:00, 22 feb
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1985 0:00, 2 nov
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1986 0:00, 15 mar
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2000 0:00, 8 oct
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2001 0:00, 18 feb
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2015 0:00, 18 oct
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2016 0:00, 21 feb
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NOTE 1: ! but in S.E.states, DST was 23 oct - 29 feb. NOTE 2: * marks years when DST involved whole country. NOTE 3: between 1988 & 90, just the North region rejected DST; thereafter North and North East rejected. NOTE 4: From '91 to '04, Bahia (in North East) took up DST from time to time... likewise Tocontins (in North).
Since 2008 the DST always starts on the third Sunday in October and always ends on the third Sunday in February, unless it coincides with carnival, where then the DST extended by one week.
The following areas certainly have no DST:
Amazonas, Pernambuco, Sergipe, Para, Paraíba, Ceará, Amapá, Alagoas, Rondônia, Rio Grande do Norte, Piauí, Maranhão, Acre, Roraima, much of Mato Grosso.
[pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipédia...various pages] top
Bulgaria used DST in 1932 and 1939 on UT+2 basetime:
1932: 21 May -2 Oct
1939: 2 Apr -1 Oct
1942, 2 Nov, 03:00, changed TZ to UT+1
1943, 29 Mar, 02:00 - Mon, 4 Oct, 03:00
1944, 3 Apr, 02:00 - Mon, 2 Oct, 03:00
1945, 2 Apr, 03:00...to UT+2, and DST then abandoned.
1979: 27 May - 1 Oct, as DST resumed
...and on to currently, DST in step with EU starts and finishes, on UT+2 basetime. [en.wikip]
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Canada
Six Canadian cities, by local ordinance, used DST before 1918: Brandon, Manitoba and Winnipeg (already in 1916), also Halifax, Hamilton, Ontario, Montreal, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador.
Subsequently, Edmonton had DST in 1918, and it ran mid-Apr to late Oct, in 1919 mid-Apr to 27 May, in 1920 late Apr to September, through to 1923, when on Sept 30 DST was abandoned till 1942, in the war. From 1942 to 30 Sep 1945, Daylight-Saving-Time ran all year round, each zone advanced one hour from standard; no DST in 1946; in 1947 DST ran for that year only.
After an interval, in 1967, DST ran for that year only, 30 Apr to 29 Oct. NOTE: At some point, Saskatchewan voted, for the greater part, not to use DST, and this still holds.
Since 1969, DST across Canada has more or less followed the U.S.: when the United States extended DST in 1987 to the first Sunday in April, all DST-observing Canadian provinces followed suit.
So, before the 2005 US 'Energy Policy Act' act, Canada observed DST from the first Sunday in Apr. until the last Sunday in Oct.. The latest United States change of 2005, adding parts of March and November, was adopted by Canadian provinces and territories as follows:
Ontario, Manitoba - October 20, 2005
Quebec - December 5, 2005
Prince Edward Island - December 6, 2005
New Brunswick - December 23, 2005
Alberta - February 2, 2006
Northwest Territories - March 4, 2006
British Columbia - March 31, 2006
Nova Scotia - April 25, 2006
Yukon - July 14, 2006
Newfoundland - November 20, 2006, but officially announced on January 18, 2007
Nunavut - February 19, 2007
Currently, in most of Canada, DST begins at 2:00 a.m. local time on the second Sunday in Mar.; ends on the first Sunday in Nov., when areas return to their Standard Time at 2:00 a.m..
Areas of Canada not using DST are many: they include Fort St. John, Charlie Lake, Taylor and Dawson Creek in British Columbia, Creston in the East Kootenays, and most of Saskatchewan, except Denare Beach and Creighton. And in Ontario, Pickle Lake, Atikokan, and New Osnaburgh.
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Chad had DST in 1979-'80. [en.wikip]
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Chechnya
1930 — 1979:No DST, UTC +3 zone
1981: Wed, 1 Apr, 00:00 - Thu, 1 Oct, 00:00
1982: Thu, 1 Apr, 00:00 - Fri, 1 Oct, 00:00
1983: Fri, 1 Apr, 00:00 - Sat, 1 Oct, 00:00
1984: Sun, 1 Apr, 00:00 - Sun, 30 Sep, 03:00
1985: Sun, 31 Mar, 02:00 - Sun, Sep, 03:00 .. & so on, till...
1991: Sun, 31 Mar, 02:00, No offset (TZ change); Sun, 29 Sep, 03:00, back to UT+2
1992: Sun, 19 Jan, 02:00, No offset (TZ change) - revert to UTC+3h.; then.. DST Sat, 28 Mar, 23:00 - Sat, 26 Sep, 23:00
1993: Sun, 28 Mar, 02:00 - Sun, 26 Sep, 03:00
...and similarly, to
1994 , Sun, 31 Mar, 02:00 - Sun, 27 Oct, 03:00
...and similarly, to
2010, Sun, 28 Mar, 02:00 - Sun, 31 Oct, 03:00
2011, Sun, 27 Mar, 02:00 (TZ change) to UTC+4 DST lapsed.
2014, Sun, 26 Oct, 02:00, (TZ change) to UT+3. [timeanddate.com]
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Chile
Chile used DST since summer 1927. At that time, the country was divided into two zones. The latest law of 2008 applied to the whole country and provided that summer time started midnight, last Saturday, October and ended midnight, second Saturday of March. In some years, the DST was adjusted for political or climatic reasons, e.g. 2012, 2nd Sep - 29 Apr.. Historical exceptions:-
In 1987 the time change to daylight saving time on Saturday was postponed until April 11 due to the visit of Pope John Paul II.
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In 1988, DST began a week earlier in order to have more light for the National Plebiscite of October 5.
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In 1990, the winter schedule was postponed until 17 March as Patricio Aylwin began his presidency on March 11.
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In 1990, the start of daylight saving was held on September 15, in order to save energy due to unfavorable hydrological conditions.
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In 1997, the start of the official time was on March 29 to meet adverse hydrological conditions.
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In 2008 the return to standard time was delayed three weeks due to a severe drought that hit the country.
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In 2010, due to the earthquake that rocked the country, the winter schedule began at 00:00 on April 4, (Easter Island at 20:00 the previous day).
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In 2011 the government postponed the time change in the expectation of a dry year. After a first extension of DST for the entire month of March, the change of official time was scheduled for 7 may 24:00, and Easter Island at 22:00. Ended 19 aug.
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In 2012 the government decided to keep the plan implemented in 2011 starting 28 apr, 24:00, and Easter Island at 22:00. Ended sep.
DST lapsed in Chile Jan 2015.
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China Beginning May 3rd, 1986 (00:01am: subsequent years, from mid-May to mid-Sep, and continuing to 1991), a trial of DST went on, which was then abandoned.
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Costa Rica had Northern-hemisphere DST in 1954 (24 Jan to 6 Jun); tried again, 1979 and '80 (25 Feb - 3 Jun; 24 Feb - 1 Jun), and 1991 and '92 (19 Jan - 1 Jul; 18 Jan - 15 Mar). Came in and ended at midnight:start of the day. Abandoned after 1992. [en.wikip]
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Croatia
firat adopted DST under German occupation 1941
1941, 18 Apr, - to 1942, 2 Nov.
1943, 29 Mar - 4 Oct.
1944, 3 Apr - 2 Oct.
1945, 8 May - 16 Sep; DST then lapsed.
DST resumed 1983, last Sun in Mar to last Sun in Sept.; after 1995, Last Sun in Oct.
[timeanddate.com]
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Cuba has had DST since 1965 Mar to Oct., and tried continuous summer-time (1 hour advance) from March 27, 2004 to October 29, 2006.
There were trials, in 1928, 1940-42, 1945-46. [en.wikip]
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Cyprus uses UT+2 timezone, and has had DST since 1975, idiosyncratically at first:
1975: 13 Apr 00:00 - 12 Oct 00:00
1976: 15 May 00:00 - 11 Oct 00:00
1977: 3 Apr 00:00 - 25 Sep 00:00
1978: 2 Apr 00:00 - 2 Oct 00:00 ... and so on, Sunday to Sunday to present date.
1981, adopted end on last Sun Sept; 1996 onward, on last Sun Oct. [timeanddate.com] [en.wikip]
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Czech Rep.
In the first World War, there was DST in the summers, 1916-'18
1940, from 1 Apr, continuous DST to 1942, 2 Nov.; then in each summer, under Germany and then the U.S.S.R., until 1949:
1943: 29 Mar, 2am - 4 Oct, 3am
1944: 3 Apr 2am- 17 Sep 3am
1945: 8 Apr 2am - 18 Nov 3am
1946: 6 May 2am - 6 Oct 3am
1947: 20 Apr 2am - 5 Oct 3am
1948: 18 Apr 2am - 3 Oct 3am
1949: 9 Apr 2am - 2 Oct 3am DST abandoned - no changes, though, to their long-term timezone of UT+1.
The republic has had DST since 1979 when still Czechoslovakia.
Since 1996, last Sunday in Mar. - last Sunday in Oct., up to today. [en.wikip]
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Denmark observed DST 1916, 14 May, 23:00 - 30 September, 23:00.
come WW2...
1940: Wed, 15 May, 00:00 - No DST End...
1941: DST observed all year
1942: No DST Start - Mon, 2 Nov, 03:00
1943: Mon, 29 March, 02:00 - Mon, 4 Oct, 03:00
1944: Mon, 3 April, 02:00 - Mon, 2 Oct, 03:00
1945: Mon, 2 April, 02:00 - Wed, 15 Aug, 03:00
1946: Wed, 1 May, 02:00 - Sun, 1 Sept, 03:00
1947: Sun, 4 May, 02:00 - Sun, 10 Aug, 03:00
1948: Sun, 9 May, 02:00 - Sun, 8 Aug, 03:00
1949: DST lapsed.
1980: Sunday, 6 April, 02:00 - Sunday, 28 Sept, 03:00
1981: Sun, 29 March, 2am - Sun, 27 Sept, 3am
i.e., .. last Sunday in Mar, to last Sunday in Sep., until in..
1996: Sun, 31 March, 02:00 - Sun, 27 Oct, 03:00
and continued, conformable to E.U. directive.
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Dominican Republic: it adopted an hour Southern Hemisphere advance:
1966: 30 oct., to 28 Feb 67.
.. adopted a 30 minute Southern Hemisphere advance:
1969: 26 Oct., ending '70, 21 Feb
1970: 25 Oct., ending '71, 20 Jan
similarly, until 21 Jan '74:- They adopted permanent advance of one hour on basetime, UT-5 to UT-4, on 27 Oct. DST lapsed. top
Eire/ S. Ireland Ireland followed Britain's starts and finishes of DST during 1916-18, (during 1916, all-Ireland Time was UT-0hrs 25mins, an old arrangement which was ended when DST did on 1 Oct that year); after independence in 1921, DST was brought in as a trial in 1924 or '25, then made permanent in 1926, continuing with it irrespective of the UK's WW2 'Wartime' alterations. While I don't know if British starts and finishes were replicated in Ireland, I speculate that during neutrality in WW2, between mid-1939 and 1945, starts were: between 9th and 20th, in each April. and finishes were: 1939: 1 Oct. --- 1940: 6 Oct. --- 1941: 5 Oct. --- 1942: 4 Oct. --- 1943: 3 Oct. --- 1944: 1st Oct. --- 1945: 7 Oct.
The UK's 1968-71 pilot for permanent UT+1 was copied, and ended 1971, as UK. By Eire's 1971 Act that followed, a feature of Irish Time is that Irish Standard Time is UT+1, and applies in the summer. UT is used in the winter, called Irish Winter Time - so the effect is to exactly parallel UK's timeshifts - but Astrolog's DST forward-shift cannot make Eire's backward DST adjustments for you, you can only set Eire's TZ to UT, and work it as United Kingdom's summer-shifts. Link here for UK's DST starts and finishes, which may match Irish dates for all years barring during World War 2. Ireland has not ratified the EU dates of starts and finishes.
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Egypt used DST, a 1 hr advance from UT+2 to UT+3, beginning 1940 under a British Protectorate:
1940: 14 Jul 10pm - 30 Sep 9pm
1941: 14 Apr 10pm - 15 Sep 9pm
1942: 31 Mar 10pm - 26 Oct 9pm
1943: 31 Mar 10pm - 31 Oct 9pm
1944: 31 Mar 10pm - 31 Oct 9pm
1945: 15 Apr 10pm - 31 Oct 9pm (UT + 2) DST lapsed post-war.
An independent Egypt re-introduced DST 1957, starting it evening 9 May, - 30 Sept; in '58, chose 30 Apr, 22.00 - 30 Sept, 22.00 the start day was, in 1959, permanently moved to 1 may, 1 am; the ending, end 30 sep at 3am. It seems this was not held to, preferring to change on Saturday mornings. In '66, the 1st Oct was the notional end day. In 1995, it changed to: last Thursday in Apr, to last Thursday in Sept. DST dropped 30 sep 2010.
the government is resolved to re-introduce it 30 May 2014. Be aware that during Ramadan, it may be temporarily suspended, as in fact it was 2010, 10 Aug - 9 Sept. top
Estonia had DST in 1918, 15 Apr - 16 Sep. 1919: 1 Jul, went back to LMT. 1921: 1 May, adopted UT+2.
Overrun by Germany 1941, Latvia's brief spell of UT+3 under Soviet control (1940, 6 Aug - 15 Sep) was abandoned for UT+1 with DST in that spring, to match Axis UT+1.
1942: DST ended 2 Nov 1943: 29 Mar - 4 Oct 1944: 3 Apr, - 12 Oct .; then under Russians again, UT+3 re-instated, DST lapsed until 1980.
DST added all year 1980. 1 Apr starts and 1 Oct finishes since 1981, mid '84 DST was converged as a part of the EU, to:
last Sun Mar - last Sun Sep. They adopted UT+2 basetime on 26 Mar, 1989, but stayed with DST. 1996, adopted DST ends in October. [en.wikip]
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Europe : the E.U., bar Iceland, and other countries embracing E.U. DST, have adopted, since 1996: Start: Last Sunday in March at 1 am UTC;
End: Last Sunday in October at 1 am UTC.
Falkland Islands has had Southern hemisphere DST intermittently:
1937: DST start 26 Sep
1938: end 20 Mar; start, 25 Sep
1939: end 19 Mar; start, 1 Oct
1940: end 24 Mar; start, 29 Sep
1941: end 23 Mar; start, 28 Sep
1942: TZ change 1 Jan; DST lapsed.
1983: start 25 Sep
1984: end 29 Apr; 16 Sep start - maintained to
2007: 15 Apr. set back until start 2 Sep
2008: end 20 Apr; start 7 Sep
2009: end 19 Apr. Shift forward 6 Sep
Since then, advanced its clocks by one hour in 2011, but has had no DST. [en.wikip]
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Fiji has observed Southern hemisphere DST 1998 - 2000 and since 2009, for only seven to nine weeks each 'summer'; variably, as - start Nov to end in Feb of the following year. [en.wikip]
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Finland
first had DST in 1942: Friday, 3 April - Sunday, 4 October - for that year only, efforts being directed at resisting Soviet advances.
In 1980, DST observed all year, then..
Since 1981, DST conformable with EU. Uses UT+2 basetime. [timeanddate.com]
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France France adopted DST ('l'heure d'ete') 1916, abandoned it 1919;
..and resumed it 1925 through to Sep 1945, last Sat in March to first Sat Oct. was the rule (barring 1939: 15 Apr - 19 Nov; and 1940: start Feb 25), until 'harmonised' with German DST time in Paris & Occupied France: in Sep 1945 DST ended, and UT+1 became standard time.
Occupied Zone
Paris, Northern France, (and later, Biscayan Atlantic Coast)
base time moved to UT+1, 14 Jun '40 1940, Feb 25 - not ended.. 1942, ..not begun - 2 Nov 1943, 29 Mar - 4 Oct 1944, 3 Apr - 8 Oct 1945, 2 Apr - 16 Sep
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Free Zone (Vichy Fr.)
Vichy and South, Rhone-Alps, Medit. coast 1940, Mar 31 - Oct 5 1941, Mar 29 - Oct 4 1942, Mar ? - Oct ? 31 Dec, base-time made UT+1
1943, Mar 29 - 4 Oct 1944, 3 Apr - 8 Oct 1945, 2 Apr - 16 Sep
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DST came in again, running ~end-March to ~end-Sept., the year after the 1975 oil crisis, viz:
1976: 28 Mar, 2am - 26 Sep, 3am
1977: 3 Apr, 2am - 25 Sep, 3am
1978: 2 Apr, 2am - 1 Oct, 3am
1979: 1 Apr, 2am - 30 Sep, 3am
1980: 6 Apr, 2am - 28 Sep, 3am then converged with E.U. suggested dates
now at standard pan-European starts and ends (see 'Europe', above). Adopted Territories in WW2: for Jersey, Guernsey, see Jersey, Guernsey. Overseas territories: no DST in Tahiti, New Caledonia, Marquesas Is..
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Gaza Strip DST currently seems to run last Friday March - 4th Friday in Sep.
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Georgia in Caucasus is UT+4 (before 1 Mar 1957, was UT+3; and also between 28 Sep '91 to 25 Sep '94, and in the winter 2004/5 , UT+3 was base-time) No DST until 1981, then 1 Apr - 1 Oct until convergent from 1984 with the then E.U. shifts: viz.
1984: Sun, 1 Apr, 00:00, to UT+5, - Sun, 30 Sep, 03:00, to UT+4...
1985: Sun, 31 Mar, 00:00, UT+5 - Sun, 29 Sep, 03:00, UT+4... In 1991, in spring, having no advance made TZ UT+3 that autumn's DST end..
...In 1994, autumn, no DST end made TZ UT+4 again that autumn..
... in 2004, 27 Jun. and during DST, TZ made UT+3...
...finally, in 2005, DST advanced time to UT+4, - DST lapsed with this UT+4 the new TZ.
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Germany began DST in 1916 ('Sommer Zeit') ~ start 30 Apr am - ended 30 Sept, 23 hr. 1917: 16 Apr - 17 Sept. 1918: 1:00 15 Apr, to 1.00 16 Sep. - Monday mornings was the time of adjustment, in Germany, pre-1946. After WW1, DST lapsed.
...the general imposition of war DST
1940: 1 Apr., an hour was added to CET, through to 2 Nov 1942.
1943: 29 Mar to 2 Nov.
1944: 3 Apr to 2 Oct.
1945: 2 Apr to, in Soviet-controlled areas, 1st Nov. (Kaliningrad), 18 Nov. (elsewhere); in Allied zone, 16 Sep.. (and a second DST shift: 24 May it began, it must have collapsed.. but no day)
1946: 14 Apr to 7 Oct. but Konigsberg was no longer part of Germany.
1947: 6 Apr to 5 Oct.
(and a second DST shift: 11 May - 29 Jun)
1948: 18 Apr to 3 Oct.
1949: 10 Apr to 2 Oct. (one report of a second DST shift ..)
After that, DST lapsed.
1980: 6 Apr to 28 Sep...
1981 to 1995, last Sunday in March to last Sun in September.
1996 and on, last Sunday in March to last Sun in October.
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Gibraltar (UK) introduced DST 1916 (21 May - 1 Oct) on the then-standard GMT (=UT):
1917: 8 Apr - 17 Sep
1918: 24 Mar - 30 Sep
1919: 30 Mar - 29 Sep
... this shifted to Apr-Sep for 1923, and continued (1st Sun near Apr 1 - variable ends) up to 1940, then DST was made continuous year-round, and another hour added in 1941, on 4 May! DST thereafter set back Gibraltar's time an hour each winter for the duration of WW2, through to the DST summer of '45, ..on 15 Jul 1945, when the timezone changed back to UT; and DST ended that year on 7 Oct.
DST was observed again 1946, (in 1947 it went on to November), and was in use until 14 Apr '57, when Gibraltar adopted CET, (Spanish time, UT+1).
DST restored in 1982, ending last Sunday in Sep. through to 1996 when it ended last Sunday Oct., and has done so since. Conforms to EU starts and finishes now.
[timeanddate.com]
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Greece took up DST for 1916, and lapsed it.
1932: 7 July, 00:00- 1 Sep, 00:00
1941: (TZ shift to UT+3), 7 Apr
1941, (TZ shift to UT+2), 30 Apr
1942: (TZ shift to UT+1), 2 Nov
1943: DST 30 Mar - 4 Oct
1944: (TZ shift to UT+2), 4 Apr
1952: 1 July, 00:00- 2 Nov
1975: 12 April, 00:00 - 26 November, 01:00,
1976: 11 April, 02:00 - 10 October, 03:00
1977: 3 April, 02:00 - 26 September, 03:00
1978: 2 April, 02:00 - 24 September, 04:00
1979: 1 April, 09:00 - 29 September, 02:00
and continued, at some year adopting..
EU starts of last Sunday in March, and EU Sunday finishes, last Sunday in Sept, then after '95, in Oct. [en.wikip]
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Guatemala Guatemala was on DST in 1973, '83 and '91. On 29 Apr '06, DST was tried again; Sep 30 it ended.
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Guernsey, (UK) had DST 1916-1968, then 1972 to date as in the UK. German Occupation .. the imposition of War DST The base-time of UT was altered to UT-1 1940-45, - DST continued as Occupied France:
1940: 25 Feb - not ended.. 1942, ..not begun - 2 Nov 1943: 29 Mar - 4 Oct 1944: 3 Apr ? - 8 Oct 1945: 2/3 Mar - 16 Sep; reverted to UT, with UK DST, (see below), until the '68-'71 interruption suggesting Guernsey & Jersey joined in the British Standard Time experiment, q.v. United Kingdom, below. DST continued '72, on..
UK adopted EU style DST in 1997. [en.wikip]
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Haiti recently had, and still has DST, at UT-4: 1983 - 1997 last Sun, then first Sun in Apr - last Sun Oct. DST lapsed.
2005-'6 first Sun in Apr - last Sun Oct.
2012 to the present day, 2nd Sun in Mar - late Oct, or 1st Sun Nov. [en.wikip]
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Honduras Honduras tried DST twice in the 80's : on 2 may 1987 an hour was added at 23:59:59, ending 26 sep same year; and 30 apr 1988 , ending 24 sep same year.
In the 90's, DST was brought back, may to sep 1994, (owing to a power shortage). In 2006, May to August there was again DST.
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Hong Kong had DST 1941, from 1945-'76, and in 1979. [en.wikip]
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Hungary On timezone of UT+1, Hungary imposed DST 1916-1919, Apr to Oct, Sep, Sep, & Nov., respectively.
Under German client government... 1941 (continuous DST, May 1 1941 to Nov 1942) .. 1943 - '45 and every summer to 1950.
Then between 1954-'57, (May or Jun to Sep)
1980: 5 Apr - 28 Sep.
1981: 29 Mar - 27 Sep .. and so to date, conforming with E.U. directive.[en.wikip]
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Iceland had DST 1917-'18, and '39-'68. [en.wikip]
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India had DST 1941-'45, starting in the Northern Hemisphere winter months in '41:
1941: 30 Sep., adopted DST (UT+6.30) - 1942: 14 May, reverted to UT+5.30... then, on 31 Aug 1942 at 18 hr 30, a three-year TZ change to UT+6.30 was made.
1945: 14 Oct, at 17 h 30, TZ change ended, India reverting to UT+5.30. No DST thereafter. [en.wikip] top
Iraq had DST 1983-2007, inclusive. In that last year, it ran Apr 1, 3am, to Oct 1, 4am, which was typical. [en.wikip]
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Iran Iran has somtimes had DST since 1978, on various basetimes (UT+4 adopted '77; UT+3.30 re-adopted '79). 1978: 21 Mar - 21 Oct
1979: 21 Mar - 19 Oct
1980: 21 Mar - 23 Sep DST lapsed unil 1990.
1990: all year DST.
1991: began 3 May - 21 Sep?.
Since then, they usually start on their New Year day of 21st or 22nd of March, ending 21st or 22nd Sep., e.g.:
2014: Sat, Mar 22, noon - Mon, Sep 22, noon
2015: Sun, Mar 22, noon - Tue, Sep 22, noon
2016: Mon, Mar 21, noon - Wed, Sep 21, noon In Iran, DST is not interrupted during Ramadan. [en.wikip]
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Ireland see Eire above
Ireland, Northern see United Kingdom, below
Isle of Man had DST 1916-1968, then 1972 to date as in the UK. This '68-'72 interruption indicates I. o M. joined in the British Standard Time experiment, q.v. United Kingdom, below. For each year since 1916, see UK below.
Israel
Since 1949?, the summer-time of Israel always starts on the last Friday before April 2 from 02:00 to 03:00 and ends on the Sunday between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur from 02:00 to 01:00. In previous years, the schedule was variable with the proviso that the period was to last at least 150 days. (In the Palestinian Territories, DST begins later. q.v.)
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Italy first had summer DST in the WW1.
1916: 3 Jun - 30 Sep
1917: 31 Mar - 30 Sep
1918: 9 Mar - 6 Oct
1919: 1 Mar - 4 Oct
1920: 20 Mar - 18 Sep
Starting again, year-round-DST served the war effort from 14 Jun 1940 to 2nd Nov '42, then summertimes-only, '43 - '48:
1943: 29 Mar - 4 Oct
1944: 3 Apr - 17 Sep
1945: 2 Apr - 15 Sep
1946: 17 Mar - 6 Oct
1947: 16 Mar - 5 Oct
1948: 29 Feb - 3 Oct
From 1949 there were no DST ('Ore Legale') till 1966, then 'midnight on Sunday nearest to 1st Jun, to midnight Sunday nearest to 1 Oct'; and in 1979 DST was lengthened, spanning end Mar to October, and as a consequence,
conformable with E.U. directive on DST. More specifics, see Robbie Luporini's Astrolog32 manual, in his Pdf in Italian (pp.155 et sequ) here.
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Japan In Japan there was DST from 1948 to 1951, running from May to Sep., while under American occupation. Since, the people have shown no enthusiasm for DST, and it has never been taken up.
1948: 1 May, 5pm - 10 Sep, 4pm 1949: 2 Apr, 5pm - 9 Sep, 4pm
1950: 6 May, 5pm - 8 Sep, 4pm 1951: 5 May, 5pm - 7 Sep, 4pm
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Jersey, (UK) had DST 1916-1968, then 1972 to date as in the UK. ..the imposition of War DST The base-time of UT was altered to UT-1 1940-45: - DST continued as Occupied France:
1940: 25 Feb - DST not ended.. 1942: ..not begun - 2 Nov 1943: 29 Mar - 4 Oct 1944: 3 Apr ? - 8 Oct 1945: 2/3 Mar - 16 Sep; reverted to UT, with UK DST, (see below), until the '68-'71 interruption suggesting Guernsey & Jersey joined in the British Standard Time experiment, q.v. United Kingdom, below. DST recommenced 1972, UK starts and finishes, until
UK adopted EU style DST in 1997. [en.wikip]
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Jordan Jordan began adding an hour to their UT+2 timezone in 1973, and tried to abandon DST in 2012, with continuous DST (horlogeparlante.com & timeanddate.com suggest this revoked).
1973: 5 Jun 22hr - 30 Sep 21hr
1974: 30 Apr 22hr - 30 Sep 21hr
1975: 30 Apr 22hr - 30 Sep 21 hr
1976: 30 Apr 22hr - 31 Oct 21 hr
1977: 30 Apr 22hr - 30 Sep 21hr
1978: 29 Apr, 22hr - 29 Sep 21hr
'79 - '84, DST lapsed.
1985: 31 Mar 22hr - 30 Sep 21hr 1986: 3 Apr 22hr - 2 Oct 21hr 1987: 2 Apr 22hr - 1 Oct 21hr 1988: 31 Mar 22hr - 6 Oct 21hr 1989: 7 May - 5 Oct 21hr 1990: 26 Apr 22hr - 4 Oct 21hr
1991: 16 Apr 22hr - 26 Sep 21hr
and so on, late on Thursday nights, near start Apr - near end Sep, but see
1999: Wed 30 Jun 22hr -Thur 23 Sep 22 hr
..from 2000, 10pm on last Wednesday in Mar., to 10pm Thursdays in Sep or Oct.. it varies... after continuous summertime 2012 into 2013, see: 2013: (No DST Start) ..- DST ended Fri, 20 Dec. 00:00
2014: 28 Mar midnight - 31 Oct, 1:00am and has continued, last Thursday March - last Thursday, Sept.. top
Kaliningrad
first had DST Apr to Sept 1916, '17, '18.
the imposition of War DST 1940, continuous DST to 1942, then summerly to 3 Jul '44, during occupation, using Germany's basetime UT+1 TZ.
Took DST up again 1981, carried it through the abandoning of UT+3 for UT+2 in '98, ending it 31 Oct 2010, reverting to UT+2 - no DST now.[timeanddate.com]
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Korea, South has tried DST twice: Oct 1960: 14 May 16hr to UT+9 (KDT) - 12 Sep 15hr (KST)
1987:
Sat 9 May, 15 hr - 10 Oct, 14 hr 1988: Sat 7 May, 15hr - Sat 8 Oct 14hr
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Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan had between 1981 and 2005 continuous DST, on a base-time of UT+5. In 2005, after a vote, it was decided to stop this 'fix', and from August 11, 2005 the time-zone of Kyrgyzstan altered permanently from UT+5 to UT+6.
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Latvia had DST 1918-'19, on a base-time of UT+1.36' 1918: Mon, 15 Apr, 02:00 - Mon, 16 Sep, 03:00
1919: Tue, 1 Apr, 02:00 - Thu, 22 May, 03:00
the imposition of War DST Under German rule, Latvia's brief spell of UT+3 under Soviet control, (1940, 5 Aug - 1941, 1 Jul) was abandoned for UT+1 with DST that spring, to suit Axis Time. DST did not end.. 1942: DST ended 2 Nov 1943: 29 Mar - 4 Oct 1944: 3 Apr, - 2 Oct; on 13th, under Russians, UT+3 re-instated and used without DST until 1981
1981: a summer DST of UT+4 was started, 1 Apr - 1 Oct, and DST was converged as a part of the EU, '84 to:
last Sun Mar - last Sun Sep. They adopted UT+2 basetime on 24 Sep 1989, having had no DST advance that year on their UT+3 basetime. A yearly DST continued, ending DST in Oct, 1996 on; but there's a suggestion that in 2000 they tried going without DST; but it resumed. [en.wikip]
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Lebanon had intermittent DST in: 1920-'23
'57-61: May 1 to Oct 1;
1972: 22 Jun to 1 Oct..
1973-'77, May 1 to Oct 1;
1978: 30 Apr - 30 Sep..
1984: May 1 to 16 Oct. ... and since then. [en.wikip]
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Libya observed DST in 1951, '55, '57, '82-'89, and in 1997. DST began again 2013, at EU starts and finishes. [en.wikip]
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Lichtenstein observed DST in the war, early on first Mon in May to early on first Mon in Oct, '41 - '42, and since 1981.
Now conforming to EU DST agreements.
[en.wikip]
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Lithuania Under Soviet invasion, UT+1 was made UT+3, 3 Aug, 1940
1941: under Axis, from 24 Jun, 1941, one hour docked to suit Axis-style UT+1-with-DST 1942: DST finally ended 2 Nov 1943: 29 Mar - 4 Oct 1944: 3 Apr, - 1 Aug - country reverted to UT+3, no DST, under Soviet occupation.
More DST, 1981 on, running Apr 1 - Oct 1, - in mid-1984 adopting EU starts & finishes
.. until '91, when they went from UT+3 to UT+2 base-time (one source suggests they stopped DST for 12 years; another, that they continued it..)....used it for sure, 2003 to date. [en.wikip]
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Luxembourg observed DST each summer 1916-1940
1941 - '46, as other occupied states..
Restarted 1977, convergent with emerging E.U. dates..
Since 1981, conforming to E.U. agreement q.v. above, Mar to Sep., and Mar to Oct 1996 0n.[en.wikip]
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Macao observed DST between 1961-1980, Mar to Nov. No more info. [en.wikip]
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Macedonia None until 1941:
1941: 18 Apr, 23:00... did not end until
1942: ...2 Nov, 03:00
1943: 29 Mar, 02:00 - 4 Oct, 03:00
1944: 3 Apr, 02:00 - 2 Oct, 03:00
1945: 8 May, 02:00 - 16 Sep, 03:00
None under Tito's 'Yugoslav' regime, from 16 sept 1945 to 27 mar 1983.
Thereafter EU-style DST.
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Madagascar had DST in 1954, 27 Feb to 29 May. [en.wikip]
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Madeira, (Portuguese Terr.) Then using UT-1 timezone, DST began 1916, using UT for summers:
1916: Sat 17 Jun - 1 Nov
1917: 28 Feb - 14 Oct; and similarly to 1921, end-Feb to 15 Oct. No DST until 1924.
1924: 16 Apr - 15 Oct; and similarly, to 1929. No DST until '31.
1931: DST Apr to 1st Sun Oct 1932: DST 2 Apr - 2 Oct.
1933: No DST
1934: DST again used, as above, to 1937.
Oct 1960: resumed, then from 1966, no DST until 1977 - Madeira has been on UT basetime since 1977
and its DST is EU-conformable since 1981. [timeanddate.com]
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Malaysia began 20 minutes DST on 1 Jan 1933, continued thru' to 1935, (then as Malaya, a dominion of Great Britain); in 1935, this UT+7.20' was made Standard Malay Time, until in 1941 ten minutes were added - DST was therefore abandoned for good. [en.wikip]
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Malta
1966 was the first year of DST in Malta.
1984 adopted E.U. dates, in 1996 moving from the last Sunday in Sep to the last Sun in Oct.
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Mauritius had DST in 1982-'83, and 2008-'09. [en.wikip]
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Mexico
Mexico's DST arrangement is complex: since 1995 most states have DSTs, and three none, but the length of DST differs from the norm in parts of states (north of the central area) and abutting the US.
Mexico legally enacted many summer TZ manoeuvres before 1996 not as DST adjustments, but by briefly changing the state's timezone: nevertheless, I tend to regard the TimeZone changes 1931, '39 - '45, and '88 as if they were DST shifts, and enquirers as to Mexican DST may usefully refer back to Mexico's TimeZone entry.
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1939 Mexico City had DST, 5 feb - 25 jun. at UT-5 1940, Mexico City had DST, 9 dec - 1941, 1 apr. at UT-5 (wartime DST)
Westernmost Mexico, Baja Calif. Norte, e.g. Mexicali, prides itself on having applied DST properly for the first time in Mexico 1942, using UT-7. I don't know how long for.
1943, Mexico City had DST, 16 dec - 1944, 1 may, (an over-winter wartime DST)
Regarding the rest of the country, in 1976, '77, '78, '79, Westernmost Mexico, Baja Calif. Norte, e.g. Mexicali, (which was UT-8 in the Seventies), applied DST properly for the second time in Mexico, going to UT-7 last Sun Apr to last Sun Oct.
1988: DST adopted 3 Apr - 30 Oct, in Tamaulipas, Nuevo Leon, Coahuila, Durango, and Mexico City but not elsewhere, and it abandoned immediately after that year.
Finally, in 1996, almost every province agreed to give DST a try that 7th April, and it has run yearly ever since, but not in Sonora which gave up on it in '98, nor Quintana, where however Cancun had DST, from first Sun Apr to last Sun Oct, from '96 -2014 inclusive, and latterly on a basetime of UT-6. Mexico DST runs first Sun (Apr.) 2am, to last Sun (Oct.) 2am, - so adding an hour to whatever base-time the state has adopted - for the most states including Sinaloa, but NOTE parts of Baja California, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas have an even longer summer DST, running second Sun Mar, 3am, through into first Sun of Nov, 3am, see footnote 2 above, regarding towns like Heroica Matamoros, Juarez, Mexicali, Ocampo, Ojimaga, Piedras Negras, Tijuana, .. any if within 20km of US border. Meanwhile, Sonora, Quintana & the Pacific Isles off Baja California and Colima have no DST. [sp.wikip]
In Chiapas many (mainly indigenous) people of southern Mexico refuse to apply it.
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Miquelon and Saint Pierre First used DST 1987, starting last Sunday Apr, ending last Sunday Oct. In 2007, starts in early March to the last Sunday in November were introduced. top
Moldova adopted DST 1932 after a timezone-change - Moldova had formerly been UT+1.44, and adopted UT+2, (DST Sundays early Apr - Sundays early Oct.)
To the end of 1940 and under German control, DST not allowed to end. 1941: DST still held, but a base timezone change came in, in July, to UT+1, so Moldova ending the year on UT+2. 1942: DST ended 2 Nov. DST in '43 and '44, and timezone change in 1944 to base timezone UT+3, DST promptly abolished.
DST started again 1990, at EU dates, but DST abolished 2010.
[en.wikip]
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Monaco & Monte Carlo observed DST 1916-'45, and since 1976, matching France & the EU, q.v...
.. adopting DST-ends in October, 1996, like rest of EU.[en.wikip]
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Mongolia observed DST 1983-'98
..and then again 2001-'06. [en.wikip]
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Montenegro used UT+1 timezone, and had no DST until 1941:
1941: 18 Apr, 23:00... did not end until
1942: 2 Nov, 03:00
1943: 29 Mar, 02:00 - 4 Oct, 03:00
1944: 3 Apr, 02:00 - 2 Oct, 03:00
1945: 8 May, 02:00 - 16 Sep, 03:00 None under Tito's 'Yugoslav' regime, from 16 sept 1945 to 27 mar 1983.
Thereafter EU-style DST. [timeanddate.com]
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Morocco Morocco had DST 1939-45, 1950, 1967, 1974-'79, 1984 and '85, and since 2008 to date; its starts and ends vary each year, e.g. in 2010, 2 May to 7 Aug.. [horlogeparlante.com] top
Namibia had DST 1942-'43, and since 1994 to date. (southern hemisphere summer) [en.wikip]
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Netherlands
DST was used in WW1, 1916 - 1918, and then was continued, excepting only years 1946 - '76.
1916: Mon 1 May, 00:00 - Sun, 1 October, 00:00
1917: Mon 16 April, 2am - Mon, 17 Sept, 3am
1918: Mon 1 April, 2am - Mon, 30 Sept, 3am
1919: Mon 7 April, 2am - Mon, 29 Sept, 3am
1920: Mon 5 April, 2am - Mon, 27 Sept, 3am
1921: Mon 4 April, 2am - Mon, 26 Sept, 3am
1922: Mon 26 March, 2am - Sun, 8 Oct, 3am
1923: Fri, 1 June, 2am - Sun, 7 Oct, 03:00
1924: Sun, 30 March, 2am - Sun, 5 Oct, 3am
1925: Fri, 5 June, 2am - Sun, 4 Oct, 3am
1926: Sat, 15 May, 2am - Sun, 3 Oct, 3am
1927: Sun, 15 May, 2am - Sun, 2 Oct, 3am
1928: Tues, 15 May, 2am - Sun, 7 Oct, 3am
1929: Wed, 15 May, 2am - Sun, 6 Oct, 3am
1930: Thurs, 15 May, 2am - Sun, 5 Oct, 3am
1931: Fri, 15 May, 2am - Sun, 4 Oct, 3am
1932: Sun, 22 May, 2am - Sun, 2 Oct, 3am
1933: Mon, 15 May, 2am - Sun, 8 Oct, 3am
1934: Tues, 15 May, 2am - Sun, 7 Oct, 3am
1935: Wed, 15 May, 2am - Sun, 6 Oct, 3am
1936: Fri, 15 May, 2am - Sun, 4 Oct, 3am
1937: Sat, 22 May, 2am - Sun, 3 Oct, 3am
1938: Sun, 15 May, 2am - Sun, 2 Oct, 3am
1939: Mon, 15 May, 2am - Sun, 8 Oct, 3am
Under
German occupation, DST of one hour was made a year-round 'fix', from 16 May 1940 to 2 Nov 1942, added to CET (UT+1) which, also under occupation, had replaced Amsterdam Time of UT in 1940: "at this time winter mornings were in gloaming until around 9:30 am; in the evening, however, it was light to 18:00.".
1940: Thurs, 16 May, 00:00 - No DST End...
1941: DST observed all year
1942....No DST Start... - Monday, 2 Nov, 3am
1943: Mon, 29 March, 02:00 - Monday, 4 Oct, 3am
1944: Mon, 3 April, 02:00 - Monday, 2 October, 3am
1945: Mon, 2 April, 02:00 - Sunday, 16 Sept, 3am
1946, DST lapsed.
1977: Sun, 3 April, 2am - Sun, 25 Sept, 3am
1978: Sun, 2 April, 2am - Sun, 1 Oct, 3am
1979: Sun, 1 April, 2am - Sun, 30 Sept, 3am, .. & so on through 1981
..DST ending Sep up to 1996, when last Sunday in Oct was adopted.
In the overseas territories of the Kingdom of the Netherlands (Aruba, Curaçao, Sint Maarten and the BES islands) no daylight saving applies.
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New Zealand
1927. One hour shift introduced: first Sun. Nov. to the first Sun. March of following year (Summer Time Act 1927), .. this proved unpopular. 1928 - a tweak. An half-hour shift from the 14 Oct 1928 (second Sunday) to 17 Mar 1929 (third Sunday), adopted (Summer Time Act 1928) 1929. The Summer Time Act 1929 fixed this half-hour shift to run from the second Sunday in Oct to the third Sunday in Mar of the year following. In 1933, the DST period of an half-hour advance was extended from the first Sun. in September to the last Sun. in April.
This continued until the Second World War: 1941. Extended DST to apply to the whole year, re-applied yearly (emergency regulations in '41) 1945. Abandoned DST entirely, making the half-hour advance (to UT+12) permanent, calling it N.Z. Standard Time. (Standard Time Act of 1945)
By the Time Act 1974, the Governor-General declared a period for DST, a one-hour shift, 'NZDT', from the first Sunday in November (3rd) to the last Sunday in the February of '75 (23rd); promptly changed that year, 1975, to run in the years that followed, from the last Sunday in October to the first Sunday in March in following year. (The N.Z. Time Order 1975).
In 1988, as a consequence of feedback, the Minister of Internal Affairs arranged for a trial of extended 'NZDT' to be held from the second Sunday in October 1989 (8th), to the third Sunday in March 1990, (18th).. and so 'The Daylight Time Order 1990' declared that NZDT would run from 2 am NZST, the first Sunday in October to 3 am NZDT, the third Sunday in March.
On 30 April 2007 the government extended the daylight saving period from 24 to 27 weeks. So from Sep. 2007, DST is now observed from the last Sunday in September until the first Sunday in April (following year), viz: 30 April 2007, DST begins 02:00 NZST on the last Sunday in September, and ends at 03:00 NZDT (or 02:00 NZST as defined in the Time Act 1974) on the first Sunday in April of 2008.
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Nicaragua observed DST in 1973-'75, '79-'80, '92-'94, and 2005-'06. [en.wikip]
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Norway observed DST in 1916, 1940-'45, '59-'65, and since 1980.
1916: Mon, 22 May, 1am - Sat, 30 Sep 00:00
1940: Sat, 10 Aug, 23:00 - No DST End....
1941: ...DST all the year
1942: No DST Start ... - Monday, 2 Nov, 3pm
1943: Mon, 29 March, 2am - Monday, 4 Oct, 3pm
1944: Mon, 3 April, 2am - Monday, 2 Oct, 3pm
1945: Mon, 2 April, 2am - Monday, 1 Oct, 3pm
1946, DST lapsed.
1959: Sun, 15 March, 2am - Sun, 20 Sept, 3pm
1960: Sun, 20 March, 2am - Sun, 18 Sept, 3pm
1961: Sun, 19 March, 2am - Sun, 17 Sept, 3pm
1962: Sun, 18 March, 2am - Sun, 16 Sept, 3pm
1963: Sun, 17 March, 2am - Sun, 15 Sept, 3pm
1964: Sun, 15 March, 2am - Sun, 20 Sept, 3pm
1965: Sun, 25 April, 2am - Sun, 19 Sept, 3pm
1966, ... DST lapsed.
1980: Sun, 6 April, 2am - Sun, 28 Sept, 3pm
1981: Sun, 29 March, 2am - Sun, 27 Sept, 3pm
1982: Sun, 28 March, 2am - Sun, 26 Sept, 3pm
and so on.. in 1996, adopting last Sunday in October. Norway is clearly using EU starts and finishes, though not a member. [en.wikip]
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Ossetia (South)
DST began 1981 post-Soviets' collapse, lasting to 2004. TZ mostly UT+3 ( but UT+4 from time to time: from 1924, UT+3 to Mar '57; from 29 Sep '91, UT+3 to 25 Sep 94, from Jun '04 to Mar '05, and now 2014 on).
1981 - 1984, DST yearly, 1 Apr to 1 Oct....adding an hour to TZ UT+4, (though 1984, 30 Sep was end-date DST..)
1985 -1991, DST ran yearly, last Sun, Mar, 2am - last Sun Sept (and in Sep '91, no DST advance in Spring, TZ became UT+3). 1991 - 1995, yearly (and in '94, no DST advance in Spring, so TZ became UT+4 again in Sep).
1996 - 2004, DST yearly: last Sun, Mar, 2am - last Sun Oct.
In 2004, no DST advance in Spring, so TZ became UT+3 again in Oct. as DST ended and lapsed for good.
(In 2014, TZ , as became UT+4 again.)
[timeanddate.com]
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Pakistan observed DST of UT+6:30, from 31 Aug 1942 to 14 Oct '45, when time reverted to its then standard 'Indian' UT+5.30. (Basetime became UT+5 on 6.30 pm 29 Sep 1951, post-partition.)
In 2002, DST was maintained from 6 Apr to 5 Oct.
In 2008, from midnight 31 May/1 Jun to 31 Oct/1 Nov. in 2009, from midnight 14/15 Apr to 31 Oct/1 Nov. [en.wikip]
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Palestine observed DST 1957: May to Oct
1967: May to Jun
1974: 7 Jul to 13 Oct, and 1975: 20 Apr - 31 Aug.
1985: DST restarted Apr - Sep, There may have been timezone change 1 Jan 96. [en.wikip]
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Paraguay first observed Southern hemisphere DST in 1970 .. - These were the time change dates in Paraguay, 2013:
October 6, 2013 00:00 (DST on UT-3) - April 14, 2014 00:00 (Standard Time on UT-4)
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Peru On 1985, 1986, 1989 and 1993, at 23:59:59, Dec 31, the clock was advanced by one hour, to be set back on 31 March of the following year at the same hour. Southern hemisphere DST.
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Philippines In the Philippines, they have sporadically experimented with DST, both Summer hemisphere and Northern hemisphere style(!), until now, and each time for a short period.
1935: 12 Apr - 1 Jul
1936:1 Nov- 1937 1 Feb, Summer hemisphere style
1954: 12 Apr - 1 Jul
1978: 22 Mar - 21 Sep
1990: 21 May to 22 Jun. [en.wikip]
According to one source, in April 2006, the Philippine Department of Trade and Industry had the measure adopted again, against rising oil prices. No further info
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Poland observed DST 1916-'19:
1916: Sun, 30 April, 23:00 - Sun, 1 Oct, 01:00
1917: Mon, 16 April, 02:00 - Mon, 17 Sept, 03:00
1918: Mon, 15 April, 02:00 , (and UT+2 made the standard time)
1919: Tues, 15 April, 02:00 - Tues, 16 Sept, 03:00, first summer at UT+3. DST then lapsed
Jun 1922, they reverted TZ to UT+1.
In 1940-1949, under German, then Soviet control:
1940: Sun, 23 June, 02:00 - No DST End...
1941: DST observed all year...
1942: No DST Start... - it ended Mon, 2 Nov, 03:00
1943: Mon, 29 March, 02:00 - Mon, 4 Oct, 03:00
1944: Mon, 3 April, 02:00 - Wed, 4 October, 02:00
1945: Sun, 29 April, 00:00 - Thurs, 1 Nov, 00:00
1946: Sun, 14 April, 00:00 - Mon, 7 Oct, 03:00
1947: Sun, 4 May, 02:00 - Sun, 5 Oct, 03:00
1948: Sun, 18 April, 02:00 - Sun, 3 Oct, 03:00
1949: Sun, 10 April, 02:00 - Sun, 2 Oct, 03:00 .. & lapsed.
Re-commenced DST 1957-'64:
1957: Sun, 2 June, 01:00 - Sun, 29 Sept, 02:00
1958: Sun, 30 March, 01:00 - Sun, 28 Sept, 02:00
1959: Sun, 31 May, 01:00 - Sun, 4 Oct, 02:00
1960: Sun, 3 April, 01:00 - Sun, 2 Oct, 02:00
1961: Sun, 28 May, 01:00 - Sun, 1 Oct, 02:00
1962: Sun, 27 May, 01:00 - Sun, 30 Sep, 02:00
1963: Sun, 26 May, 01:00 - Sun, 29 Sep, 02:00
1964: Sun, 31 May, 01:00 - Sun, 27 Sep, 02:00
Then from 1977 to date:
1977: Sun, 3 April, 01:00 - Sun, 25 Sep, 02:00
1978: Sun, 2 April, 01:00 - Sun, 1 Oct, 02:00,.. and so on to 1981
then matching EU starts and finishes. [en.wikip]
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Portugal began DST in WW1: 1916, mid-June, ending 1 Nov. Subsequent years it began end-Feb, ending mid Oct, until 1921.
1924, re-started on Feb 28 through to mid-Oct., - lapsed in 1925. re-commenced 1926, starting mid-April, ending early Oct, and continued with this pattern, (though missing 1930 & 1933), with only minor changes to 1942.
1942-1945, the 1 hour shift forward was started earlier & ended later, so permitting a yearly spell of double-summer-time from 3rd Sunday in April to mid-August.
In 1946, Portugal went back to one hour's DST advance, from 1st Sunday in Apr to 1st Sunday in Oct., so continuing to 1966, when Portugal abandoned DST for ten years, using UT+1 all year-round.
DST re-commenced 1977 - it may be then that they reverted to UT.
An EU member-state since 1986, and conforms to EU DST agreement.
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Rep South Africa
Southern hemisphere DST of UT+3 used in WW2:
1942: 20 Sep, 02:00 - 1943: 21 Mar, 02:00
1943: 19 Sep, 02:00 - 1944: 19 Mar, 02:00
1945: DST lapsed.
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Romania observed DST in 1932-'39, and since 1979.
1900 - 1931, UTC +1:44:24 hr, then UT+2 adopted as TZ.
1932: Sat, 21 May, 00:00 - Sun, 2 Oct, 01:00
1933: Sun, 2 Apr, 00:00 - Sun, 1 Oct, 01:00
1934: Sun, 8 Apr, 00:00 - Sun, 7 Oct, 01:00
1935: Sun, 7 Apr, 00:00 - Sun, 6 Oct, 01:00
1936: Sun, 5 Apr, 00:00 - Sun, 4 Oct, 01:00
1937: Sun, 4 Apr, 00:00 - Sun, 3 Oct, 01:00
1938: Sun, 3 Apr, 00:00 - Sun, 2 Oct, 01:00
1939: Sun, 2 Apr, 00:00 - Sun, 1 Oct, 01:00
1940 - no DST... (German re-inforcement, 7 Oct '40.)
1941: no DST until 1978 inclusive, UTC +2 hours.
1979: Sun, 27 May, 00:00 - Sun, 30 Sep, 00:00, and similarly until 1995
then as EU up to now, adopting DST-ends in October in '96.
A source says that in 1986, Romanians were changing a day after the norm, in the early morning. An EU member-state since 2007. [en.wikip]
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Russia DST was first applied, (I fancy only around Moscow), from 1917 to '21. After the breakup of the U.S.S.R., Russia used DST from 1st Apr 1981 yearly, until end 2010, after which it was abolished. They used similar starts and ends to European states, but altered clocks at 2:00 pm. There may have been another instance, in 1930: http://www.heynorton.org/blog/2005/07/daylight_saving.html (In the
comments section: "Stalin put the USSR on DST that April and forgot to
change it back in October and the USSR was "off" by an hour for over 60
years.") ~ this, anyway, accounts for Russia's TZ zoning, 1930 - 2011.
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Samoa, Independent or Western, In 2010, adopted DST, UT+13, through to early months of each following year. No more data.
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Serbia (former part of Yugoslavia)
1941: Fri, 18 Apr, 23:00 - no DST end... 1942: ...ended Mon, 2 Nov, 03:00
1943: Mon, 29 Mar, 02:00 - Mon, 4 Oct, 03:00
1944: Mon, 3 Apr, 02:00 - Mon, 2 Oct, 03:00
1945: Tue, 8 May, 02:00 - Sun, 16 Sep, 03:00
1946 to 1982, DST lapsed, TZ UTC +1.
1983: Sun, 27 Mar, 02:00 - Sun, 25 Sep, 03:00,
and all years following as:
matching EU DST dates. [timeanddate.com]
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Singapore observed DST 1932-'35, advancing clocks 20 mins all-year-round, then on 1 Jan 1936 adopted UT+7:20 mins as their year-round Standard Time (no DST), until on 1 Sep 1941 ten minutes more were added, tob make +7.30 their Standard Time.
(That ended with the Japanese tenure in WW2, around 15 Feb '42, - UT+9 was their official time). Currently, as with Kuala Lumpur, UT+8. [en.wikip]
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Slovakia
Slovakia: 1916-'18, 1940-'49, and since 1979.
In the first World War, there was DST 1916-'18, and 1940-'49, under Germany and the U.S.S.R.:
Continuous May 1 1941 to 2 Nov 1942.
1943: 29 Mar, 2am - 4 Oct, 3am
1944: 3 Apr 2am- 17 Sep 3am
1945: 8 Apr 2am - 18 Nov 3am
1946: 6 May 2am - 6 Oct 3am
1947: 20 Apr 2am - 5 Oct 3am
1948: 18 Apr 2am - 3 Oct 3am
1949: 9 Apr 2am - 2 Oct 3am Then, it was a part of Czechoslovakia.
Since 1979, this new republic has had DST (Sun 1 Apr - Sun 30 Sep), changing 1981 to: e.g.
1994: 27 Mar - 27 Sep
1995: 26 Mar - 24 Sep
1996: 21 Mar - 27 Oct
and so similarly, Sundays to Sundays, '97 to date, an EU member-state since 2004. [en.wikip]
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Slovenia
firat adopted DST under German occupation 1941
1941: 18 Apr, - to 1942, 2 Nov.
1943: 29 Mar - 4 Oct.
1944: 3 Apr - 2 Oct.
1945: 8 May - 16 Sep.
DST resumed 1983, last Sun in Mar to last Sun in Sept.; after 1995, Last Sun in Oct.[timeanddate.com]
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South Korea observed DST 1948-'51 (no details), (allegedly 1955 to) 1960, and 1987-'88.
1960: 14 May, at 4pm, to 12 Sep at 3pm: (on a base-time UT+8)
1987: 9 May at 2pm, to 10 Oct at 2pm: (on a base-time UT+9)
1988: 7 May at 3pm, to 8 Oct at 2pm: (on a base-time UT+9).
[en.wikip]
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Spain DST first adopted 15 Apr 1918 and has been continuously used since then.
In 1981, definitive starts and finishes were established: last Sun in Mar, at 2am., ending last Sun in September, at 3am.. In 1996, the E.U. starts and finishes were ratified, - DST's ends since then are on the last Sun., October.
Canary Islands, Las Canarias, has DST, EU starts and finishes, since Apr 1980, - but their TZ is UT.
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Sri Lanka had, from Jan 5, 1942, continuous year-round DST till am Oct 16 1945, adding an hour to the Indian Standard Time of UT+5:30.
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Sweden observed DST 1916, 15 May to 30 Sep. incl, and then dropped it till 1980, choosing first Sun Apr., to last Sun Sep.
Becoming an EU member-state 1995, so then conforming to EU dates; last Sun Mar to last Sun Oct since '96.
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Switzerland observed DST 1941-'42 from May to Oct..
Since 1980 to date.
... lately conforming to the EU agreement, though not an EU member.
See more: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_der_Sommerzeiten
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Syria observed DST 1920-'23, 1962-'68, and from 1983 to date (in those parts under government control).
Syria adopted UT+2 on 31 Dec 1919, when re-constituted post WW1.
1920: 18 Apr midn't - 2 Oct, 23.00
1921: 17 Apr midn't - 1 Oct, 23.00
1922: 16 Apr midn't - 30 Sep, 23.00
1923: 15 Apr midn't - 6 Oct, 23.00
Then lapsed.
1962: 29 Apr midn't - 30 Sep, 23.00
1963: 1 May midn't - 29 Sep, 23.00
...Thereafter, on 1st May to 30 Sep., (1965, end 29th Sep; 1966, start 24 Apr) were Syria's DST starts and finishes and times until
1977: 1 May midn't - 31 Aug, 23.00
1978: 1 May midn't - 31 Aug, 23.00
1983: 9 Apr midn't - 30 Sept, 23.00
1984: 9 Apr midn't - 30 Sep, 23.00
1986: 16 Feb midn't - 8 Oct , 23.00
1987: 1 Mar midn't - 30 Oct, 23.00
1988: 15 Mar midn't - 30 Oct, 23.00
1989: 31 Mar midn't - 30 Sep, 23.00
1990: 1 Apr midn't- 29 Sep, 23.00
1991: 31 Mar midn't - 30 Sep, 21.00<>br>
1992: 7 Apr, 22.00 - 30 Sep, 21.00
1993: 25 Mar, 22.00 - 24 Sep, 21.00
1994: 31 Mar, 22.00 - 30 Sep, 21.00
1995 and thereafter - starting in the last three days of March, on a Sunday; ending on 30 September, until:
2006: 31 Mar , 22.00 - 21 Sep, 21.00
2007: 29 Mar, 22.00 - 1 Nov, 21.00
2008: 3 Apr , 22.00 - 31 Oct, 21.00
2009: 26 Mar, 22.00 - 29 Oct, 21.00
2010: 1 Apr, 22.00 - 28 Oct, 21.00
2011: 31 Mar, 22.00 - 27 Oct, 21.00
2012: 29 Mar, 22.00 - 25 Oct, 21.00
2013: 28 Mar, 22.00 - 24 Oct, 21.00
2014: 27 Mar, 22.00 - 30 Oct, 21.00 In 2015, last Friday in Mar - last Friday in Oct. (unless Nov 1 is a Friday). Update needed - war rages.. [en.wikip]
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Tadjikistan observed DST '81-'91.
[en.wikip]
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Taiwan Taiwan had DST from 1945 to 1961, and from 1974 to 1975. In the latter instance, DST started on 31 Mar before midnight and stopped on 30 Sep before midnight. Later, from 29 Jun 1980 Taiwan had DST that lasted until 29 Sep. (But see a different year suggested, 1979, at [en.wikip].)
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Tunisia Tunisia had DST in WW2:
1939: 15 apr to 18 nov, 10pm.
1940: from 25 feb 10pm, continuous through winter to 5 oct 1941, 10pm.
1942: 8 mar to 7 nov, 11pm.
1943: 29 mar, 1am, to 17 apr.
- advanced again, 25 apr to 4 oct, 1am.
1944: 3 apr, 1am to 7 oct, 10pm.
1945: 2 apr, 1am to 15 sep, 10pm.
More recently, there have been three spells of DST, the first in 1977 and 1978, commencing March-May and ending in late September,
A second from 1988 to 1990:
1988: 31 may to 24 sep, 11pm
1989: 25 mar to 23 sep, 11pm
1990: 30 apr to 29 sep, 11pm.
DST was reintroduced 2005, from 30 April 11pm to 30 September midnight.
From 2006 to 2008, the European starts and finishes were adopted; but DST was abolished 26 oct 2008. top
Turkey observed DST 1916
1920-'22
1924-'25 (all started May to end Sep). Lapsed.
In WW2, in 1940: Jun 30- Oct 5 1941, time adjustment it appears, to UT+2 by having no DST advance in spring, but setting time back 21 Sep. 1942: Apr 1 to Nov 1 1945-'51 start early Apr - end Oct. 1951 to 1961, DST lapsed.
1962: Jul 15 to Oct 7 inclusive
1964: May 15 to Sep 30 inclusive DST lapsed, returned through 1970-'83
and since 1985.
In 1986 it was last Sun March - last Sun Sept., - last Sunday in Oct. since 1996, matching the EU DST.
[various]
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Turkmenistan observed DST Apr '81 to 29 Sept '91, - it ended during a nine-month trial of UT+4 TZ.
[en.wikip]
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Ukraine Ukraine had no DST until WW2:
1941, UT+1 timezone was imposed on 20 Sep., (with added DST through the winter & into late '42)..
1942: ..no DST start - DST end on 2 Nov. - back to UT+1
1943: DST 29 Mar - 4 Oct
UT+1 ended the same year, 6 Nov., when UT+3 TZ re-instated. DST lapsed until 1981.
1981, 1 Apr to UT+4, ending 1 Oct. continuing DST using 1 Apr. to 1 Oct. until mid-1984, when
.. (then Mar to Sep), were adopted. Timezone set back to UT+2 in Jul 1990 during DST, that DST only ended Sep 1991. DST, now at UT+3, in use each summer from 1992 to date, - last Sun Mar to last Sun Oct since 1996.[en.wikipedia.org][timeanddate.com]
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United Kingdom has had DST since May 1916, and separate ordinances for the kingdom's islands were ended with UK Summer Time Act, 1922 - an Act to provide for the time in Great Britain, Northern Ireland, the Channel Islands, and the Isle of Man being "in advance of Greenwich mean time during a certain period". Its start had settled down to April by 1922, though it has shifted into March sometimes post-war, and consistently since 1961.
Subsequently it has continued, the authorities only interrupting it with 'British Standard Time 1968-71' and compounding it with an extra hour (summer months) during 'British WarTime' 1941-'45 and in 1947.
During the Second World War, DST was continuous in practice, starting from 25 Feb 1940, running Jan 1 - Dec 31; as well, from 1941, the clocks in Britain & N.Ireland made a second leap during the middle of summer. This so-called War-Time plus DST ended in 1945, although in 1947, due to severe fuel shortages, clocks were again advanced by one hour on two occasions during the spring, and put back by one hour on two occasions during the autumn. - see below.) ~ So, GMT was not in use at all for public time-keeping, from Feb 25, 1940 to Oct 7, 1945, nor from 18 feb 1968 to 31 oct 1971.
In the winters that followed 1945, clocks went back to being on UT (GMT) in winter, and barring 1947 (see above, below) advanced by one hour each spring/ put back by one hour each autumn. Note: before 1960, DST started in some weekend in April, and ended the first Sunday Oct: in & after 1961, the UK's DST rule put the one hour's advance on GMT at 2am on the day following the third Saturday in March, ending 2am on the day following the fourth Saturday in October, each summer...
Until this nonsense:1968 - '71 experiment with no DST, but with the clocks advanced to UT+1, year-round. It was called 'British Standard Time', starting 18 Feb. 1968, (when the clocks went forward), and brought to an end in 31 Oct 1971 (driven by the chagrin of a nation struggling to work an hour and a half before sun-up), when UT & DST resumed again. (See below )
E.U.-wide standard times of DST were not adopted until the nineties in the UK along with the Isle of Man & the Channel Islands, and were ratified in 2001 in the UK only.
DST in the UK from
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1916 to 2001
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(start 2am /1am post-60s -
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- to 2 am /1 am post-60s
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1916 21 may - 1 oct
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1939 16 apr - 19 nov
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1956 22 apr - 7 oct
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1979 18 mar - 28 oct
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1917 8 apr - 17 sep
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1940 25 feb - 31 dec
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1957 14 apr - 6 oct
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1980 16 mar - 26 oct
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1918 24 mar - 30 sep
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1941 1 jan - 31 dec
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1958 20 apr - 5 oct
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1981 29 mar - 25 oct
|
1919 30 mar - 29 sep
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extra 1hr: 4 may - 10 aug
|
1959 19 apr - 4 oct
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1982 28 mar - 24 oct
|
1920 28 mar - 25 oct
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1942 1 jan - 31 dec
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1960 10 apr - 2 oct
|
1983 27 mar - 23 oct
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1921 1 apr - 3 oct
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extra 1hr: 5 apr - 9 aug
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1961 26 mar - 29 oct
|
1984 25 mar - 28 oct
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1922 26 mar - 8 oct
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1943 1 jan - 31 dec
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1962 25 mar - 28 oct
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1985 31 mar - 27 oct
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1923 22 apr - 16 sep
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extra 1hr: 4 apr - 15 aug
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1963 31 mar - 27 oct
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1986 30 mar - 26 oct
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1924 13 apr - 21 sep
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1944 1 jan - 31 dec
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1964 22 mar - 25 oct
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1987 29 mar - 25 oct
|
1925 19 apr - 4 oct
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extra 1hr: 2 apr - 17 sep
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1965 21 mar - 24 oct
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1988 27 mar -23 oct
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1926 18 apr - 3 oct
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1945 1 jan - 7 oct
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1966 20 mar - 23 oct
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1989 26 mar - 29 oct
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1927 10 apr - 2 oct
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extra 1hr: 2 apr - 15 jul
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1967 19 mar - 29 oct
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1990 25 mar - 28 oct
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1928 22 apr - 7 oct
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1946 14 apr -6 oct
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1968 18 feb: adoption of UT+1
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1991 31 mar - 27 oct
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1929 21 apr - 6 oct
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1947 16 mar -2 nov
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.."British Standard Time", ..
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1992 29 mar - 25 oct
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1930 13 apr - 5 oct
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extra 1hr: 13 apr - 10 aug
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..all year round, until ...
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1993 28 mar - 24 oct
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1931 19 apr - 4 oct
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1948 14 mar - 31 oct
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1971 GMT resumed, on 31 oct
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1994 27 mar - 23 oct
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1932 17 apr - 2 oct
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1949 3 apr - 30 oct
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1972 19 mar - 29 oct
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1995 26 mar - 22 oct
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1933 9 apr - 8 oct
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1950 16 apr - 22 oct
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1973 18 mar - 28 oct
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1996 31 mar - 27 oct
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1934 23 apr - 7 oct
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1951 15 apr - 21 oct
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1974 17 mar - 27 oct
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1997 30 mar - 26 oct
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1935 14 apr - 6 oct
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1952 20 apr - 26 oct
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1975 16 mar - 26 oct
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1998 29 mar - 31 oct
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1936 19 apr - 4 oct
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1953 19 apr - 4 oct
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1976 21 mar - 24 oct
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1999 28 mar - 30 oct
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1937 18 apr - 3 oct
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1954 11 apr - 3 oct
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1977 20 mar - 23 oct
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2000 26 mar - 29 oct
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1938 10 apr - 2 oct
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1955 17 apr - 2 oct
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1978 19 mar - 29 oct
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2001 25 mar - 26 oct
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Since 1997, UK (with Jersey, Guernsey, and N. Ireland) has been conformable with the EU-agreed (Directive 97/44/EC) dates for starting and ending.
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